APA 7th Referencing Guide

Elements of the reference 

Author(s) – last name, initial(s). (Year). Title of book - italicised. Publisher.

In-text citation

(Mayer, 2010) OR Mayer (2010) 

Reference list 

Mayer, D. (2010). Essential evidence-based medicine (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press.

Endnote reference type

Book 

Elements of the reference

Author(s) – last name, initial(s) - use & for multiple authors. (Year). Title of book - italicised. Publisher.

In-text citation

• Always list the authors in the order in which they appear in the publication.
• Cite both authors for each use of reference.

Examples:

(Delmas & Colgan, 2018) OR Delmas and Colgan (2018) 

Reference list 

Delmas, M., & Colgan, D. (2018). The green bundle: Pairing the market with the planet. Stanford University Press.

Endnote reference type

Book

Elements of the reference

Author(s) – last name, initial(s) - use & for multiple authors. (Year). Title of book - italicised. Publisher.

In-text citation

• Cite last name of first author followed by “et al.”

(Glasgow et al., 2006) OR Glasgow et al. (2006) found that....

Reference list 

Glasgow, N. A., McNary, S. J., & Hicks, C. D. (2006). What successful teachers do in diverse classrooms. Corwin Press.

Endnote reference type

Book

Elements of the reference

Author(s) – last name, initial(s) (for first 19 authors), . . . final author - family name and initial(s). (Year). Title of book – italicised. Publisher.

In-text citation

• Cite last name of first author followed by “et al.”

(Abraham et al., 2017) OR Abraham et al. (2017) found that....

Reference list 

Abraham, C., Miller Z., Ellis, S., Driscoll, J., Renman-Fryer, R., Fuller, J., Bayer, S. A., Faben, M., Mellor, K., Murphy, N., O'Neill, J., Tosh, M. E., Ciccaglione, A. R., Hoffnan, A., Zala, H., Langer, H., de Souza, R., Avermore, A., Sunderland, L., … Inman, S. (2017). Introduction to evidence-based practice in nursing. Oxford University Press.

Endnote reference type

Book

Elements of the reference

Title of book - italicised (Year). Publisher.

In-text citation

• Cite in the text the first few words of the title and the year. Italicise the book title.

Management is defined as (CCH Macquarie Dictionary, 1993) OR CCH Macquarie Dictionary (1993) defines…

Reference list 

The CCH Macquarie dictionary of business. (1993). CCH Australia.

Endnote reference type

Book

• Use only if author is specifically named as “Anonymous”

Elements of the reference

Anonymous - only if author is specifically named as “Anonymous”. (Year). Title of book - italicised. Publisher.

In-text citation

(Anonymous, 1996)

Reference list 

Anonymous. (1996). Primary colors: A novel of politics. Random House.

Endnote reference type

Book

Elements of the reference

Author(s) – last name, initial(s) - use & for multiple authors. (Year). Title of book - italicised. Publisher.

In-text citation

(Queensland Health, 2002) OR Queensland Health (2002) recommends that….

Reference list

• If the author name is the same as the publisher, omit the publisher.

Queensland Health. (2002). Best practice guidelines for the management of type 1 diabetes in children and adolescents.

Endnote reference type

• Add a comma , after each group author eg. Queensland Health, in the Author field

Book

• Always include a DOI if available.
• How to find a DOI - You can search for a DOI by going to https://search.crossref.org/ and pasting in the title. 
• If from an academic database (Proquest, Ebsco) and without a DOI, do not include the name of the database and end the reference after the publisher name - like a print book.
• Only include a URL if it is stable (will not change overtime). Refer to APA's When to include DOIs and URLs to check what a stable URL is and when to include it.

Elements of the reference

Author(s) – last name, initial(s). (Year). Title of book - italicised. Publisher. DOI or stable URL

In-text citation

(Stern, 2007) OR Stern (2007) shows that ...

Reference list

With a DOI

Stern, N. (2007). The economics of climate change: The Stern Review. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511817434

With a stable URL

Chapman, R. W. (Ed.). (2013). Pride and prejudice by Jane Austen. Project Gutenberg. https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/42671

Without a stable URL - like a print book

Bakermans, M. (2021). Climate lessons: Environmental, social, local. Worcester Polytechnic Institute.

Endnote reference type

Book

Referencing multiple chapters from same book 

• If there are different authors for each chapter, you need to reference EACH chapter you use, because you need to acknowledge who wrote the work you are using, not the person who edited/compiled the book.
• If the book does not have chapters written by different authors, you only need to reference the book. 
• For ebooks, include a DOI (if no DOI, the URL) at the end of the reference.

Chapter from an edited book

Elements of the reference

Author(s) of chapter – last name, initial(s) - use & for multiple authors. (Year). Title of chapter. In Editor(s) – initial(s) and family name - of book (Ed. OR Eds.), Title of book – italicised (pp. Page numbers). Publisher. [If an ebook, include the DOI - if no DOI, use the URL of the ebook provider]

In-text citation

• Use the chapter authors, NOT the editors of the book
• Treat multiple authors in same format as books

(Rattan, 2019) OR According to Rattan (2019) ...

Reference list - chapter from ebook

Rattan, A. (2019). How lay theories (or mindsets) shape the confrontation of prejudice. In R. K. Mallett & M. J. Monteith (Eds.), Confronting prejudice and discrimination: The science of changing minds and behaviors (pp. 121-140). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-814715-3.00008-4

Reference list - chapter from hardcopy book

Parker, J. (2014). Nursing as art and science. In J. Daly, S. Speedy & D. Jackson (Eds.), Contexts of nursing: An introduction (pp. 38-51). Churchill Livingston. 

EndNote reference type

Book section

Edition other than the first

Format

• Second edition = 2nd ed.
• Third edition = 3rd ed.
• Fourth edition = 4th ed.
• Revised edition = Rev. ed.

• Abridged edition = Abr. ed.

The edition statement is placed after the title of the work. This is not necessary for a first edition.

Elements of the reference

Author(s) – last name, initial(s) - use & for multiple authors. (Year). Title of book - italicised (Edition number ed.). Publisher. DOI - if no DOI, use the URL of the ebook provider

In-text citation

(DeHart et al., 1995) OR DeHart et al. (1995) state the idea that…

Reference list 

DeHart, G. B., Sroufe, L.A., & Cooper, R. G. (1995). Child development: Its nature and course (4th ed.). McGraw-Hill.

Endnote reference type

Book

Elements of the reference

Editor(s) – last name, initial(s) - use & for multiple editors. (Ed. or Eds.). (Year). Title of book - italicised. Publisher. DOI - if no DOI, use the URL of the ebook provider

In-text citation

Treat multiple editors same as multiple authors

(Luiselli, 2017) OR Luiselli (2017)

Reference list 

Luiselli, J. K. (Ed.). (2017). Applied behavior analysis advanced guidebook: A manual for professional practice. Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/C2016-0-01055-0

If the book's chapters are written by different authors to the editor(s), you must reference each chapter you use as a book chapter.

Endnote reference type

Edited book

Elements of the reference

Author(s) – last name, initial(s) - use & for multiple authors. (Year). Title of book - italicised (Translator name - first initial. last name, Trans.; Edition - if available). Publisher. (Original work published Year). DOI - if no DOI, use the URL of the ebook provider

In-text citation

• Include original year of publication first and then year of translated publication.

(Castro, 2006/2008) OR Castro (2006/2008)

Reference list 

Castro, F. (2008). My life (A. Hurley, Trans.). Dover. (Original work published 2006).

Endnote reference type

Book

EndNote tips

• Enter translator’s name in Translator field
• Add Original work published Year to Original Publication field

• Treat these works as books or webpages depending on the version you use. See Citing classical and religious works for more information and example references.
• Religious works are usually treated as having no author.
• In-text citation contains two dates, the earliest first, separated by an /.

Elements of the reference

Religious works

Author/Title. (Year). Title of work. Publisher. DOI - if no DOI, use the URL of the ebook provider

Classical or ancient text

Author name. (Year). Title of work (edition or translation details if applicable). Publisher. URL - if online (Original work published date)

In-text citation

(King James Bible, 1769/2017)

The Qur'an (2004) states ...

Shakespeare (1623/1995) shows ...

Reference list 

King James Bible. (2017). King James Bible Online. https://www.kingjamesbibleonline.org/ (Original work published 1769)

The Qur'an (M. A. S. Abdel Haleem, Trans.). (2004). Oxford University Press.

The Torah: The five books of Moses (3rd ed.). (2015). The Jewish Publication Society. (Original work published 1962)

Aristotle. (1994). Poetics (S. H. Butcher, Trans.).  The Internet Classic Archive. http://classics.mit.edu/Aristotole/poetics.html (Original work published ca. 350 B.C.E.)

Shakespeare, W. (1995). Much ado about nothing (B. A. Mowat & P. Werstine, Eds.). Washington Square Press. (Original work published 1623)

Endnote reference type

Depending on the source, select ancient work, book, classical text or webpage

• Children's book or other illustrated book example references (official APA)

Elements of the reference 

Author(s) – last name, initial(s). (Year). Title of book - italicised (Initial. Last name, Illus.). Publisher. DOI - if no DOI, use the URL of the ebook provider

In-text citation

(Nekrasov, 2021) OR Nekrasov (2021) 

Reference list 

Nekrasov, C. (2021). The bird that couldn't fly (C. Brown, Illus.).  Red Page Press.

Endnote reference type

Book - add the illustrators details into the reference after converting to plain text.

• Open education resource (OER) reference examples (official APA)

Elements of the reference

Author(s) - last name, initial(s). (Date - year, month day - provide as specific as possible). Title of book - italisised. OER Publisher/Repository. Retrieved month day, year, from URL of the book

In-text citation

(Fagan, 2019) OR Fagan (2019) states ...

Reference list

Fagan, J. (2019, March 25). Nursing clinical brain. OER Commons. Retrieved January 7, 2020, from https://www.oercommons.org/authoring/53029-nursing-clinical-brain/view

Endnote reference type

Webpage